Condenser.



No. 825,831. PATENTED JULY 10, 1906. C. L. HEISLER.

CONDENSER.

APPLIGATION FILED JAN. 6. 1904.

2 SHEETS-41111111 1.

STEAM /NLET PV] T NESSE S M. Qf/ 2 PATENTED JULY 10', 1906.

0. L. HBISLEIL CONDENSER. I APPLiOATION IIL ED JAN. 6, 1904.

2 SHEETS-SHEET 2.

Com W/I Z'ER IN VENT OR.

Q Q M- UNITED STATES PATENT orrroE.

CHARLES L. HEISLER, F PITTSBURG, PENNSYLVANIA.

CONDENSER.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Application filed January 6. 1904. serial No. 187,989.

' and shown in the following specification and from the uncondensed vapors.

drawings.

My invention relates, primarily, to that type of condensers in which the coldest condensing-water comes in direct contact with the coldest steam or vapor that is being condensed, the entering steam coming first into contact with the hottest condensing-water the instant before the latter finds an exit from the condensing-chamber.

The purpose of my invention is.to apply within a large and roomy condensing-chamber the principle of an induced or forced.

counter-current circulation of va ors, which has I roved so effective in coo ing-towers, there fy causing a very rapid condensation, a wide range of capacity, and a very economical use of condensing-water. Furthermore, the induced counter-current circulation carries the slightest remnant of air upward into direct contact with the coldest water and specially-formed radiating-surfaces, separating it from the li uids and steam, so it may be drawn away y any suitable air-pump through a moisture-trap arranged in the top of the condensing-chamber.

My invention further provides a special means whereby a great volume of air can be quickly removed from the condenser. T hereby the worki'ngs'of the condenser is assured, when the sudden starting of large engines instantly throws large volumes of air into the condenser, as will be described hereinafter. An arrangement is also provided within the condenser whereby the water of condensation is readily separated and precipitated The latter is then carried into contact with the colder condensing-water surfaces.

In the drawings, Figure 1 shows a sectiona view of the condenser connected with a suitable barometric tube. Fig. 2 shows the arrangement of the fan within the condenser. Fig. 3;.shows a sectional view looking down on the line A B. Fig. 4 is a view on line C D in Fig. 5, the latter showing an enlarged detail of the moisture-trap. Fig. 6 is a view on section E F of Fig. '5 looking down.

The steam enters Ythe top of the large vacuum condensing-chamber 1 through the steampipe 2, the .dischargeopening 3 of which is slightly reduced to give a jet action,

Patented 3111;; m, 1906. h

and the mixture of steam, air, and hot Water is precipitated directly into the bellniouthed opening 4 and 29 of the barometric or discharge tube 5, the lower end of which terminates these, asusual, inv a hotwell 6 or any suitable pump. The cold-condensing-water pipe 8 enters the condensing vacuum-chamber and carries the water into the annular trough 9. The inner wall 10 of this trough being higher, consequently the water spills over the outer circular edge nearest the outergwalls of the condensing-chamber 1 and falls against the circular cold finger or ribbed air-cooling plate 16 and then drops into the annular spill-tray 11, from which it continues falling, forming circular cascades in its downward course over the several annular spill-tnays 12, 13, and 14, respectively,

until When'at its highest temperature it c' mbines with the hottest steam in the funnelmouth 4 of the barometric tube 5, where it meets the direct impact of the steam-jet" By making the spill-trays of large diameters and placing them nearest the outer shell of the condensing-chamber a very large cooling contact water-surface is obtained and a free and direct central assage for the steam from... ,i.

the nozzle 3 to the ottest water in the mouth of the barometric tube at 4. 'The siphoning action in the funnel or conical bell-mouths 4, 7, and 29 of the barometric or discharge tube will naturally cause it to carryaway much of the free air which may collect in the ,lower zones of the condenser. The siphoning action due to the downward flow o the exhauststeam through the sleeves 15 and 15 will pro-c 'duce a..highly-rarefied zone in the vicinity'of the perforated sleeve 15 and sleeve15 and directly above the'cold water in the trough 1 9, wh ch will cause a circulation upward through the annular passage 32 of the cold The cold fingers 16 glve a decided advantage,

in that they .cool the air and abstract mois- 'uncondensed steam and air about the coldture instead of charging it with moisture, as

when heretofore this air is made to pass directly through water cascades. increase .the condensingcapacity, additional cold fingers 17 are cast directly upon the spilltrays11,l2,and13.'

The air-pipe 27'leads from 18 to any suit- To further trap 18 through the llVlGS able dry-air, vacuum-pump and takes the "cooled air from the moisture-trap 18, the latter forming a cover for the large vacuum condenser-chamber 1. The airpasses from the coldest zone of the condenser, which is above the trough 9, and enters the moisture The entrained moisture flows toward the outer'periphery of the trap and drops into the condenser through c the drip-holes 21.

' ment of moisture-trap forming the top of the compact, and effective construction,- avoidscondensing-chamber gives a very simple,

the use of extra piping, and makes a very s'tron cover. The trapped water is drained direct y into the condenser. Suitable cold fingers 22 project from the air-trap into the cold water to further reduce the temperature ofthe outgoing air. Ribs 36, are formed within the-trap to break up any strong aircurrents that vmight carry moisture. Suitable non-conducting sleeve or wall 37 (shown Figs. 4 and is arranged betweenthe exhaustepi pe 2 and nozzle 3 and the colder metals .0 the moisture-trap 18, to which it is bolted. I construction prevents the outgoing air from absorbing heat.

In'the lower end of the large'condensingchamber 1 is formed a large reserve air-collecting reservoir 26. The annular openings vides an eflicient means of instantly,dispos-' ing of a large volume of-air. which maybe suddenly exhausted into the condenser, as when starting an engine, and thereby avoid ing a sudden reduction or entire loss ofl the -va cuum. The .fan must evidentlybe discharged near enough to. its inlet 27, so the difference in vacuum or pressure will not be,

greater than the capacit of said fan. The hollowiunnel 19 evident y assists'the fan in its work of exhausting the reservoir 26. r The vertically-adjustable tube 29 is arranged- Within the funnel-mouth 4; and is suspended by the adjusting-rod 34, by which this tube can be set to suit the service conditions. The water from the condenser can be discharged through the check-valve 3.5 into a suitable hot-well 6 (shown in- Fig. 1) or through a pump, as is frequently done.

From the drawings it will be seen that between the peculiarly-arranged spill trays 12,

' 13, and 14 and the exterior walls 1 of the condensing chamber is formed anannular space 32, thereby giving a natural passage This arrange v as shown.

for, the upward current of uncondensed vapor and the small remnant'of air that is not collected by the fan 24. This space and the reservoir 26 also gives the remnant of water or moisture that maybe held suspended in, the uncondensed vapor ample time and opportunity to separate, the Water dropping downward and the uncondensed vapors risder. liquids and con ensing-surfaces,being drawn into the colder upper zones by the suction of the steam-jet, as already described.

From the construction of the 'ap aratus and arrangement of the water casca 'es'it will be seen that ractically a solid water curtain in tervenes etween the steam=jet and. the an nular s ace 32 back of thespill-trays sothe line of eastresistance to the flow of-the uncondensed va ors referred towipll be upward, as stated an indicated by thedarts shown in the drawings From the foregoing it will ing upward and comin into contact with the. co

be clear that this arrangementofthe passage 32 and the reservoir26 provides'an excellent separating device which precipitates the water of condensation. into 'the reservoir 26,

while the upward current in the passage 32 slowly lifts theun'condensed vapors to the colder upper zones, thereby further increasing the capacity and-efficiency of the condenser. The wide range of capacity is again extended by the effective means of instantly expellingsuddencharges of air by means of the fan and several funnels arran ed inthe air-collecting reservoir 26., locate immedi ately above the barometric tube'5.

The peculiar wall ofthe water formed by the cascades isnot unlike that of the tele scopic accordion bellows, and likewise it may large water-contact-Surface which is continually changing, thereby materially improving the condensing efficiency of the apparatus.

. At the lower end'of the vertical exhaust-- pipe is arranged a suitable entrainer 44, as shown in Fig; 1. The water collecting in this entrainer is extracted bymeans of-any' suitable pump 42 or ejector 46, or'both, 'ar ranged, as shown, in the pipe 45 which connects the entrainer 44 with the barometric or discharge tube 5 at a considerable distance above the hot-well-pool level 6. The dis war By'this arrangement "the pressures are nearly the same at 43 as at 44. There-i ICO have a rectangular or circular cross-section,

TlllS form of cascades gives avery char e opening 43is made to project downfore there will be'no tendency for air to enter theexhaust-pipe system, as in case the pump or ejector dischar ed into the atmosphere."

Furthermore, the lift of the'pump. in nearly all ceases of installation will be very much reduce Arranged upon the exhaust pipe 21s a trap or relief valve 47 of usual construction,wh1ch.

is connected, by means of any suitable rod'50,

to a dash-pot 49, secured to the vertical exhaust-pipe, as shown, this arrangement preventing the undesirable fluttering of the relief-valve 47 when exhausting through it into theatmosp'here and compels the relief- -vZai-ve to close quietly and open when from some abnormal condition the vacuum is lost said steam-jet and a vapor-passage, arranged -that said steamjet will produce a'circulation and impel the colder uncondensed vapors to the coldest zones and bringthem in contact with the coldest water and radiating-surfs: ces,

1 for the purpose set forth.

2. In a condenser, the combination of a condensing vacuum-chamber, provided with suitable cold-water inlet, a discharge-outlet, and a steam-jet entering the condenser at the top and jetting downward into the mouth of the discharge-tube, in combination with means forming part of the condenser and arran ed to cause a circulation and impel the col er uncondensed vapors to the coldest zones and in contact with the coldest water and'radiating-surfaces for the purpose set 3. In a condenser, the combination .of a condensing-chamber, provided with suitable cold-Water inlet, a discharge-outlet, a steamjetentering the condenser and jetting centrally downward through a series of cooling- 7 "water cascades; the lowest cascades formed of the hottest water joining the steam-jet in the mouth of the discharge-tube, in which is arranged a series of siphoning-funnels or bellm'ouths, in the manner and for the purpose described.

4. In a condenser, the combination of a condensing-chamber, provided with suitable cold-water inlet, a discharge-outlet, and a.

steam-jet entering the condenser and jetting centrally downward through a series of cooling-water cascades; the lowest cascades formed of the hottest water joining the steam jet in the mouth of the discharge-tube, said cascades forming a water curtain between said steam-jet and a suitable vapor-passage which conductsuncond ensed vapor upward to the coldest water or zones, in the manner and for the purpose described.

5. Ina condenser, the combination of a condensing-chamber, provided with suitable cold-water inlet, a discharge-outlet, and a steam-jet entering the condenser from the top and jetting downward, and a trap or separator for trapping moisture from the air, said trap arranged within said condensing-cham ber mainly above the condensing-water cascades or sprays and encircling said steam-jet as described.

6. In a condenser, the combination of a condensing-chamber, provided with suitable cold-water inlet, a discharge-outlet, and a steam-jet enterin the condenser and jetting downward centraIly through a cylinder or inverted cone, formed by a series of cooling-water cascades and means for trapping moisture from the outgoing air, arranged within said condensing-chamber above the water cascades, and a'suitable airump arranged externally to take said air From the moisturetrap for the purpose set forth.

7. In a condenser, the combination of a condensing-chamber, provided with suitable cold-water inlet, a discharge-outlet, and a steam-jet entering the condenser and jetting downward and means for trapping .noisture from the outgoing air, arranged within said condensing-chamber mainly above the condensing-water cascades or sprays and suitable cold fingers attached to said trap and projecting downward into the cooling-water, for the purpose set forth.

8. In a condenser, the combination ofa condensing vacuum-chamber, rovided with a suitable cold-water inlet, a ischarge-outlet, and a steam-jet entering the condenser,

in combination with means causing said jet to produce a circulation and impel the colder uncondensed vapors to the coldest zones and in contact with the coldest water and radiate ing surfaces and means arranged within the condenser for separating the water of conden sation from the said uncondensed vapor when on their way to the said coldest zones, for the purpose set forth.

9. In a condenser, the combination of a condensing vacuum-chamber, provided with suitable cold-water inlet, a discharge-outlet, and a steam-jet entering the condenser, in combination with means causin said jet to produce a circulation and im e 'the colder uncondensed vapors to the col est zones and in contact with the coldest water and radiating-surfaces and suitable cold fingers projecting into the assage of said uncondensed vapors, said co (1 fingers being reduced in temperature by the coldest water, for the purpose set forth.

10. In a condenser, the combination of a condensing-chamber, provided with a suitable cold-water inlet, a discharge-outlet, and a steam-jet entering the condenser and jetting downward into the apex of an inverted cone or cylinder, formed by a series of coolingwater cascades and suitable cold fingers projections formed on spill-trays, arranged to form the said pyramid, or cylindrical series of water cascades, for the purpose set forth.

11. In a condenser; the combination of a condensing-chamber,. provided with a suit- &

able cold-water inlet, a discharge outlet, and a steam-jet enteringthe condenser, a series of c-oolingwvater, cascades and discharge-tube below said water cascades, and a tan or other means for forcing the air from said reservoir 26, downward through the discharge-outlet or tube, for the purpose set forth. 7

12-. In a condenser, the combination of a condensing vacuum-chamber, provided with a suitable cold-Water inlet, a dischargeout let, and a steam-jet entering the condenser, in combination with means causing said jet to produce a circulation and impel the colder uncondensed vapors to the coldest zones and in contact with the coldest water-and radiating-surfaces and an auxiliary air-collecting reservoir arranged at the bottomof said condensin -chamber and means for exhausting said reservoir, arranged as described.

13. In a condenser, the combination of a condensing vacuum-chamber, provided with a suitable cold-water inlet, a discharge-outlet, and a steam-jet entering the condenser, in combination with an auxiliary air-reservoir, arranged at the bottom of said condensingchamber, and a suitable means for forcing the air fromsaid reservoir, into the hollow siphon-funnel 19, for the purpose set forth.

14. In a condenser, the combination of a condensing vacuum-chamber, provided with a suitable cold-water inlet, a disch-argeoutlet, and a steam-jet entering the condenser, in combination with means causing said jet to produce a circulation and impel the colder vuncondensed vapors to pass through an annular passage, arranged between the cylindrical wall, formed by the series of water cascades and the condensing-chamber walls, inclosing said condensing device, for the purpose set forth.

1-5. In a condenser,.the combination of a condensing-chamber, provided with suitable cold-water inlet, a discharge-outlet, and a steam-jet entering the condenser and a series of cooling-water cascades, and a discharge tube arranged below said water cascades, and a fan driven by a suitable motor said fan attached to, or arranged within, said condensing-chamber designed to exhaust the (harm ber and discharge the air and uncondensed vapor into the discharge tube or outlet, at a point near enough to the condensing-chamber, so the difference in vacuum or pressure, will not exceed the capacity range of said fan, for the purpose set forth.

16 In a condenser, the combination of the cold-water trough 9 and the cold finger-plate 16, arranged adjacent thereto as shown, for the purpose described. I

17. In a condenser, the combination of the exhaust-inlet 3, a conical orencirclin shell 15 arranged'to form a suction-gill by t e action of the entering exhaust-steam jetting through said conical shell, and a passage for the purpose of conducting uncondensed vapors or air to and through said suction-gills in such a manner as to induce a circulation of said vapors within the condensing-chamber mainly toward the colder zones in the man ner and for the purpose described.

18. In a condenser, the combination of the exterior wall of the condensing-chamber, the cold finger-plate 16, the annular watertrough 9, and theexhaust jet-nozzle 3, all arranged concentric with each other over a series of water cascades, for the purpose de scribed.

19. In a condenser, the combination of the air-trap 18, arranged on the top of the con- (lensing-chamber 1, the nozzle 3 passing centrally through said trap the annular watertrough 9 and cold finger-plate 16, arrangeddirectly under the trap; the spill-trays,1 1, 12, 13 and 14, located between the water-trough and discharge-tube 5, for the purpose described.

20. In a condenser, the combination of an outer conderasing-chamber Wall 1, and annular air-passage 32, a series of circular water cascades, and a centrally-located stea'm jet, all concentrically arranged in the orde-ras given, for the purpose described.

21. In a con-denser, the combination of the water-trough 9, the nozzle 3, the series of spill-trays, 11, 12, 13 and 14, arranged as shown above the siphon-funnels, 4, 19 and 7 said. funnels forming within the dischargeoutlet over the barometric tube 5, and an adjustable sleeve 29, arranged within said funnels, for the purpose described.

22. In a condenser, the combination of the water-inlet 8, exhaust-steam inlet 3, a suitable discharge-outlet, and a moisture-trap 18, arranged with suitable ribs 36,for the purpose described. 4

23. In a condenser, the combination of the water-inlet 8, a suitable discharge-outlet, and a moisture-trap 18,- having an air-outlet 27,

arranged on top of the'condensing-chamber 1',

and an exhaust-inlet passing vertically and centrally through said moisture-trap, and

air-inlets 20 and drips 21, suitably formed and arranged for the the purpose described.

24. In a condenser, the combination of the Water-inlet 8, a suitable discharge-outlet, and

a moisture-trap 18, having an air-outlet 27,

arranged on top of the condensing-chamber 1, and an exhaust-inlet passing vertically and centrally through said moisture-trap, and airinlets 20 and drips 21, suitably formed and arranged, and a non-conducting well 37 arranged between the said moisture trap and exhaust-steam inlet 2 and 3, for the purpose described.

25. In a condenser, the combination of a condensing-chamber, a discharge-tube 5, a condensing-water inlet, an exhaust-pipe fitted witha suitable entrain'er-44, a pipe 45 connecting said tube 5 at some distance abov the hot Well,

entrainer wit the discharge'- and means for forcing the entrained water with, a relief-valve arranged upon said exthrough said pipe 45 to the discharge-tube 5 haustpipe, and a dash-pot 49 connected with 7 for the purpose set forth. said relief-Valve, for the purpose described. 26. In a condenser, the combination of a CHARLES L. HEI SLER, 5 condensing-chamber 1, having a suitable c01d- Witnesses:

Water inlet and discharge-outlet, an exhaust- A. A. STYSLINGER,

steam inlet and exhaust-pipe connected there- P. W. SOUKATSOHOFF. 

